Creating a Layout, Section and Elevation with dimensions using AutoCad

1.The layout of a residential plan:

Aim:

To create the following residential plan in AutoCAD.

Introduction:

The following commands and tools are used for this layout.

• Line: It helps to create a line between two points
• X line: It is the construction line of infinite length which created vertically, horizontally and also at an inclined angle
• Rectangle: It helps to create a four-sided geometry with a desired length and width.
• Offset: It helps to offset an object at a particular distance.
• Move: It helps to move an already existing object from one point to the other by picking a base point.
• Copy: It helps to copy an already existing object from one point to the other by picking a base point.
• Trim: It helps to trim off the extra lines or objects of a selected object which is created while using other tools.
• Erase: It helps to erase a selected object.
• Break at point: It helps to break a line by clicking on a selected point.
• Multileader: It helps to give information about a particular component through text.
•  Dim break: It helps to break dimension if two dimensions intersect each other perpendicularly
• DT: Single line text helps to create single line of text
• MT: Multiline text helps to create a set of lines or paragraph

Note:

• Keep Ortho on and Object snap on which are in the status bar throughout the drawing which helps to find midpoint, center point and so on.

Procedure:

• In command: units
• The drawing units dialog box appears, in that select Decimal as type and precision as 0.0, intersection scale as millimeter and click OK.
• In command: limits
• Specify lower left corner: 0.00,0.00
• Specify upper right corner: 30000,30000
• Enter zoom and enter all in the command

For 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd floor plan:

• In command enter XL and select vertical line and place it randomly on the screen and click.
• In command enter XL and select horizontal line and place it perpendicular to the above vertical line on the screen and click.
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 230
• Select the object as the vertical xline and offset it by moving the cursor
• Select the object as the horizontal xline and offset it by moving the cursor
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 1000
• Select the object as the horizontal xline top line and offset it by moving the cursor up
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 230
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 2888
• Select the object as the inner base horizontal xline and offset it by moving the cursor to the top
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor up
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 1225 and select the previously created line and move the cursor up
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor up
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 3300
• Select the object as the vertical xline and offset it by moving the cursor to the right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 3175 and select the previously created line and move the cursor right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 3100 and select the previously created line and move the cursor right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 1250 and select the previously created line and move the cursor right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 230 and select the previously created line and move the cursor right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 3300
• Select the object as the inner base horizontal xline and offset it by moving the cursor to the top
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor right like shown below
• 

• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 2150
• Select the object as the right bedroom’s top horizontal xline and offset it by moving the cursor to the bottom
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 2275
• Select the object as the inner base vertical xline and offset it by moving the cursor to the right
• Select trim command and trim the excess lines
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 2550 and
• Select the object as the outer line of the left toilet and bedroom room nearby it and offset it by moving the cursor to the top
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 230 and select the previously created line and move the cursor right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 2863 and
• Select the object as the outer line of the right bedroom room and offset it by moving the cursor to the top
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the top
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 3050 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the top
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the top
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 2950 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the top
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the top
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 3225 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the top
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 230 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the top
• In command enter ex and select as a whole and extend the line to the other end.
• Click modify and select Break at point and select extended line and break a point to create line to offset line for bedroom on top.
• Select offset and give offset distance as 3110 and select the broken line and move cursor to the bottom
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the bottom
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 3220 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the bottom
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 230 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the bottom as shown below
• 
• Click modify and select Break at point and select the left base vertical line and break a line between bedroom wall vertically
• Select offset and give offset distance as 3225 and select the second broken line and move cursor to the right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the right
• Select offset and give offset distance as 3100 and select the first broken line and move cursor to the right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 2550 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 1250 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 1250 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 3000 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the right
• Enter fillet a give radius as 0 and join the right bottom corner points
• Click modify and select Break at point and select the top horizontal line and break 3 parts of line between DRA. /KIT. /DIN. And 2 toilets and a bedroom.
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 2525,2400,3225 respectively by selecting each broken line one by one and move the cursor to the bottom.
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 1000 and select the center line and move the cursor to the right
• In command enter offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the previously created line and move the cursor to the right
• Enter ex and extend the center line to the toilet wall as shown below
• 
• To create staircase in between select offset and give offset distance as 1200 and select the center line and move the cursor to the left
• select offset and give offset distance as 2000 and select the center line and move the cursor to the left
• select offset and give offset distance as 1200 and select the center line and move the cursor to the left
• select offset and give offset distance as 250 and select the left end of the 2000-dimension line and move the cursor to the right
• select offset and give offset distance as 250 create steps till it reaches the other end
• Enter Tr and trim the extra lines as shown below
• 
• Select fillet and select object as a whole and give radius as 0 and fillet the corners of the rooms as needed
• Enter Tr and select object as a whole and trim all the extra line as shown below
• 
• Select rectangle command for creating window outside the plan area give dimension length as 230 and width as 1380 and one more dimension length as 230 and 554
• Select copy command and copy the rectangle and place it in each room according to their size.
• Select rectangle command for creating column outside the plan area give dimension length as 230 and width as 366
• Select copy command and copy the rectangle and place it in accordingly
• Create door size of D1 800 and D2 905 using offset tool
• Select trim command and select object as a whole and trim all the extra lines as shown below
• 
• Select the line command and draw a straight line in the right side and a line going through stairs hall way, toilet and bedroom. And also, lines around the windows
• Go to properties and select by layer drop down and load following line type and add it the lines from line type manager as shown below
• 
• Enter h and hatch the columns by picking the point and patterns as AR-CONC
• Go to layer properties and create layers for each component as follow
• 
• Select each component and layer them accordingly
• For dimensions select linear dimensions
• Select Dimbreak to break dimension if two dimensions intersect each other
• Go to Annotate click arrow symbol under multileader which opens the modify multileader style dialog for the multileader setting as shown below

• Final result  of 1^st, 2^nd,3^rd floor plan is shown below
• 

For SECTION- AA:              

• In command enter xl and select vertical line and place it on the exterior wall left side of the stair case, from there 1200 dimension wall, 2000 dimension wall, 1200 dimension wall plan created and right side exterior wall as shown below
• 
• Select xl and select horizontal line and place it randomly at the bottom as G.L
• Select offset and give offset distance as 150 by selecting the G.L and moving upward the cursor.
• By following the same procedure give offset distance as 2450, 2850, 2850, 2850, 1000 as shown below
• 
• Select offset and give offset distance as 250 and create offset line below every floor level
• Select rectangle as give dimensional length as 250 and width as 250 to create a beam outside the sectional plan.
• Select copy and select the rectangle and place it under the intersections of columns and slabs
• Select rectangle and give dimensional length as 1000 and width as 2000 to create a door outside the sectional plan.
• Select copy and select the rectangle and place it the right side 1200-dimension portion near the column.
• Select rectangle and create 2 rectangles for window first rectangle’s dimensional length as 586 and width as 586, second rectangle’s dimensional length as 1172 and width as 1172 to create a door outside the sectional plan.
• Select copy and select the windows and place it in every floor as shown below
• 
• Select line command and take mid-point of the left side outer wall and draw a horizontal line of dimension 1200 by connecting outer wall and the immediate next line in each floor.
• Select offset and give offset distance as 120 and select the above created line and offset it below that line on every floor level
• Select line command and join offset line to the column of the every floor
• Select line command and place it on the midpoint line of ground floor level and form steps of thread 250 and riser 143.75 till it reaches the first floor
• From first floor to terrace give dimension of thread as 250 and riser as 158.33 for the one half of a floor from landing to top floor level
• Select mirror command and form mirror of other half of the steps from landing to bottom floor level
• Select line command and form a window of height 1219 ,width of 250 and on top of it sunshade of extension length of 400 from beam and width 75 below every landing level
• 
• Select line command and pick a pick at the last step intersection of thread and riser and up cursor up and enter 862 and move right and enter 75 and move down and enter 862
• Select copy and copy the newel post created above and select multiple and place it in all required places
• Select line command and pick a point on the to end of the newel post and connect all the post
• Select copy and copy beam created earlier and place it under the center of the terrace
• Select line command and pick the top left end of terrace and move cursor up and enter 600 and move further up and enter 1200
• Select line command extend the beam to column up and join to the above-mentioned dimension line to form head tank
• Enter O and give offset distance as 120 and offset inside the head tank rectangle
• Select line command and 600-dimensional vertical line to the extended column line to the right end of the terrace to form parapet wall

• Select trim command and trim all excess lines.
• Select the line type of the stairs to dotted line by right clicking and changing the properties.
• Go to layer properties and add layer for Beam & slab and select the color as shown below
• 
• Add each object to the to their layer respectively as shown below.
• 
• Select Dimension layer and measure all dimension by picking the start and end point of particular object Using linear and continuous dimension
• Select multi-layer properties for multilayer setting
• 
• Select leader points in the leader structure.
• After creating multileader, select add leader to add leader lines as shown below
• 
• Final result of section- AA is shown below
• 

For SECTION- BB:              

• Select wall layer in the layer properties drop down
• In command enter xl and select horizontal line and place it on the exterior wall and interior wall of the 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd floor plan.
• In command enter xl and select vertical line and place it randomly on the left side.
• Change to beam and slab layer
• Select offset and select the above created vertical xl and give offset distance as 150 and create an offset line
• Using same procedure create offset line continuously of using dimension 2450, 2850, 2850, 2850, 1000 in wall layer as shown below
• 
• Select the previously created beam, column and place in the intersection of column and slab portion in every level of floors
• Enter tr and select the object as a whole and trim all the excess lines as shown below

• Select the previously created windows and select copy command and place it in each floor accordingly.
• 
• Enter O and give offset distance as 390 and third and fifth horizontal line from top and create two offset line
• Select line command and join the top line of the 4^th row and 5^th row column
• Enter O and give offset distance as 390 and select the above created line and create offset lines
• Enter xl and select vertical line and place it on the 2nd column left side
• For creating balcony rail, select line command and draw a vertical line of random dimension
• Enter o and give offset distance as 150 and select the balcony’s top horizontal line and move cursor down and create 4 offset lines
• Select copy command and select all the above created line, select multiple and place it in the other floors
• Select copy command and select the sunshade from previously created window with sunshade and select multiple option and copy it on the balcony lintel area
• Enter tr and select object as a whole and trim all the excess lines
• Select Dimension layer and measure all dimension by picking the start and end point of particular object Using linear and continuous dimension
• Select the object place it in its layer accordingly
• Select multileader and pick the leader point and add text.
• Final result of section- BB is shown below
• 

Results:

The following result is obtained by above steps