Week-3 Challenge: ADVISOR Tool

Introduction to HEV using MATLAB & Simulink Week-3 Challenge: ADVISOR Tool

1. AIM:
   • To simulate the given data and conditions for an EV using Advisor Tool in MATLAB.
     
2. About ADVISOR
   • ADVISOR, NREL’s Advanced Vehicle Simulator, is a set of model, data, and script text files for use with MATLAB and Simulink. It is designed for rapid analysis of the performance and fuel economy of conventional, electric, and hybrid vehicles.  ADVISOR also provides a backbone for the detailed simulation and analysis of user-defined drivetrain components, a starting point of verified vehicle data and algorithms from which to take full advantage of the modelling flexibility of Simulink and the analytic power of MATLAB.
   • You may benefit from using ADVISOR if you want to:
     • estimate the fuel economy of vehicles that have not yet been built
     • learn about how conventional, hybrid or electric vehicles use (and lose) energy throughout their drivetrains
     • compare relative tailpipe emissions produced on a number of cycles
     • evaluate an energy management strategy for your hybrid vehicle’s fuel converter
     • optimize the gear ratios in your transmission to minimize fuel use or maximize performance, etc.
   • The models in ADVISOR are:
     • mostly empirical, relying on drivetrain component input/output relationships measured in the laboratory, and
     • quasi-static, using data collected in steady-state (for example, constant torque and speed) tests and correcting them for transient effects such as the rotational inertia of drivetrain components.
   • ADVISOR was preliminarily written and used in November 1994. Since then, it has been modified as necessary to help manage the US DOE Hybrid Vehicle Propulsion System subcontracts.  Only in January 1998 was a concerted development effort was undertaken to clean up and document ADVISOR.
   • Since then, over 4500 individuals have downloaded one or more versions of ADVISOR, including all of the OEMs and major suppliers. About 2/3 of the users are from industry and 1/3 from universities.  A short list of major ADVISOR users includes:
     • DaimlerChrysler
     • Ford Motor Company
     • General Motors Corp.
     • Delphi Automotive Systems
     • Visteon, and hundreds of others

3. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT:
   • To Use the ADVISOR tool and simulate the following
     • Q1. For EV_defaults_in file, if cargo mass is 500 kg with all other default conditions, can the vehicle travel for 45 km with an FTP drive cycle? Conclude your observations.
     • Solution
       • Selection of the Load File: EV_defaults_in & also setting the cargo mass to 500 kg as shown in the image below and with all the other default conditions.
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       • Click on “Continue” with all the other default parameters,
         
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       • As we can see in the above picture Drive cycle “CYC_FTP” is selected.
       • But if we observe the no. of cycles is set to one, then we can see the distance the CYC_FTP drive cycle makes is 17.77 km as shown in the picture.
       • Therefore, for the vehicle to travel 45 km we will need 45/17.77 = 2.53 Cycles and making it roundup to 3 cycles to complete the 45km drive.
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       • After Making the no. of cycles to 3 we press the RUN tab/button on the screen.
         
         
         
         
       • Now we get the results window, here we can observe the vehicle has gone under CYC_FTP drive cycle 3 times.
       • But during the 3^rd drive cycle of CYC_FTP, it didn’t complete the drive cycle.
       • As we observe the SOC (State of Charge) of the vehicle has got completely utilized and there is no charge left.
       • And the total distance travelled during the complete drive cycle is 41.4 km as shown in the picture above.
         
         
     • Conclusion
       • For EV_defaults_in to achieve a 45 km distance with CYC_FTP drive cycle having a 500 kg cargo load is not possible, it can only reach 41.4 km with 100 Charge.
       • If we need to achieve the 45 km target for given conditions, we need to increase the battery capacity of the EV_defaults_in.
         
         
     • Q2. In the above case, try changing the battery capacity and repeat the simulation.
     •  Solution
       • Selection of the Load File: EV_defaults_in, Changing the battery capacity & also setting the cargo mass to 500 kg as shown in the image below and with all the other default conditions.
       • We have to change the #of mod V nom from 25 to 35, & Cargo mass from 136 kg to 500 kg.
         
         
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       • Click on “Continue” with all the other default parameters,
       • Here we have to only change the battery capacity and keep all the other parameters the same as previous conditions.
       • So here we are also keeping the Drive cycle as “CYC_FTP” and also the no of drive cycles to 3.
         
         
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       • After Making the no. of cycles to 3 we press the RUN tab/button on the screen.
         
         
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       • Now we get the results window, here we can observe the vehicle has gone under the CYC_FTP drive cycle 3 times, and this time it has completed the 3rd drive cycle of CYC_FTP.
       • As we can observe the SOC (State of Charge) of the vehicle looks less than 10% and there is only some charge left.
       • And the total distance travelled during the complete drive cycle is 53.2 km as shown in the picture above.
       • If we zoom in on the SOC (State of Charge) plot we can see how much charge is remaining at the end of the simulation.
         
         
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       • In the above plot, we can see the SOC (State of Charge) is around 7.65% at the end of the cycle which is of 7431 seconds.
         
     • Conclusion
       • By increasing the battery capacity from 25 no. of modules to 35 no. and having the same cargo load as 500 kg, now the vehicle can successfully travel 45 km with the “CYC_FTY” drive cycle.
       • And after traveling 45 km there is still a charge left in the vehicle.
       • If we look at the distance plot and SOC plot at the same time when it reaches 45 km, we can know the charge left after the 45 km trip, it is shown below.
         
         
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       • As we see in the above picture vehicle reaches a distance of 45 km around 5904 seconds and we can also the charge remaining in the vehicle is 24% at the time when the vehicle reaches 45 km with the CYC_FTP drive cycle.
         
         
         
     • Q3. Perform the gradeability test with PRIUS_Jpn_defaults in the file Compare your results in the table and conclude.
     • Solution
       • Selection of the Load File: PRIUS_Jpn_defaults, setting all the conditions to default. And click on the continue button.
         
         
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       • Here we select the “CYC_FTP” as the Drive Cycle and set the no. of cycles at 3.
       • Here we also enable the Gradeability Test and click on Grade options to edit its parameter for different gradeability test results comparison.
         
         
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       • After setting the parameters for the gradeability test, click on ok and then run the tests.
       • For the first set parameters, we get the results as shown below, we can then notify the result as for the set speed of 10mph (16.1 kmph) for 10 sec maximum gradeability vehicle can achieve is 30.3% which will be equal to approximate 17 deg.
         
         
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       • Here for gradeability tests, we are going to change only the speed of the vehicle ranging from 10 to 50 at intervals of 10 and also its duration from 10 sec to 30 sec at intervals of 10.
       • All of the results are shown below for each set parameter.
         • 10mph(16.1kmph) for 10 sec.
           
           
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         • 20mph(32.2kmph) for 10 sec.
           
           
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         • 30mph(48.3kmph) for 10 sec.
           
           
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         • 40mph(64.4kmph) for 10 sec.
           
           
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         • 50mph(80.5kmph) for 10 sec.
           
           
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         • 10mph(16.1kmph) for 20 sec.
           
           
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         • 20mph(32.2kmph) for 20 sec.
           
           
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         • 30mph(48.3kmph) for 20 sec.
           
           
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         • 40mph(64.4kmph) for 20 sec.
           
           
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         • 50mph(80.5kmph) for 20 sec.
           
           
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         • 10mph(16.1kmph) for 30 sec.
           
           
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         • 20mph(32.2kmph) for 30 sec.
           
           
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         • 30mph(48.3kmph) for 30 sec.
           
           
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         • 40mph(64.4kmph) for 30 sec.
           
           
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         • 50mph(80.5kmph) for 30 sec.
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       • Result Table and Chart
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       •  Conclusion
         • After we observe the result table and chart, after going from left to right in the result table, i.e., in observing the gradeability of the vehicle with an increase in speed for the same amount of duration.
         • We see as we increase the speed of the vehicle gradeability of the vehicle reduces, we can also verify it by seeing the curve nature in the resulting chart.
         • And also in this case, after going from top to bottom in the result table, i.e., in observing the gradeability of the vehicle with an increase in duration for the same speed.
         • Generally, with an increase in duration, there is a decrease in the gradeability of the vehicle.
         • But in this case, we can see as we increase the duration of the vehicle gradeability of the vehicles increases for the same speed value. It may be since we have enabled all systems it may take power from both the source after a certain level.