Week -2

A solenoid is just an electromagnet where the coiled wire surrounds a metal piston. The piston contains magnetically conductive metal, so it can be moved backward or forward by the electromagnetic field.

The working principle of the doorbell:

the solenoid is an electromagnet with wire winding and a small metal piston inside it. when the current flows through the wire it produces the electromagnetic field in the wounded wire and which pulls the metal piston towards it. the metal position hits the tone bar and it produces the sound while pressing the buzzer button.

to make the Simulink model of the doorbell using a solenoid, we must know the what is the block which involves in the given challenge ( doorbell with solenoid). There are a few follows,

1. Simulink- Ps converter: t is used to convert the Simulink signal to physical signals and we use it in between the pulse generator and physical signal to the switch for the input side.

2. ps-Simulink converter: it is used to convert the physical signals to Simulink signal and we use it in between the ideal translated motion sensor and scope for the output side.

3. battery: the battery is used to excited the electromagnetic field in the wounded coil and it is operated with one switch. And the battery contains the negative and positive terminals for the electrical circuit to flow the electrical current.

4. Switch: here we use the switch to make or break the circuit to flow the electrical current using the physical signal from the output of the Simulink - PS converter

5. electrical reference: it looks like a ground terminal and it is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

6. ideal translated motion sensor: it is a type of sensor which provides the position or velocity input for the system to generate output.

7. solver configuration: it is a type of block that acts as a complete equation for where f(x)=0, where we find the value of x and generated output which represents the block diagram as an equation.

8. mechanical translational reference block: it is used to mount the solenoid in a fixed point. 

9. Scope: scope is used to observe the result of the models.

after getting all these blocks we have to open the block parameters of the pulse generator and change the value of phase delay to 2 sec with an amplitude of 1  and pulse period must be 4 sec and pulse width 50% after entering all the values click on ok 

after that run the simulation model with running time 10 sec and observe the result of the models in scope block.

the input and out results are uploaded below in the format of pdf.

question-2:

answer:

 Thermistor: Thermal resister is defined as a type of resistor whose electrical resistance varies with changes in temperature. Although all resistors' resistance will fluctuate slightly with temperature, a thermistor is particularly sensitive to temperature changes.

 A thermistor acts as a passive component in a circuit. They are cheap and accurate and robust ways to measure temperature. And the thermistors are not working well in extremely hot or cold temperatures, they are the sensor of choice for many different applications. Following is the Simulink block assembly for Thermistor based heater and the conditions which as given in the question are follows

1. 0-10 sec the temperature is 20

2. 10-30 sec the temperature is 30

3. 30-50 sec the temperature is 23

Fan conditions: ON if the temperature is above 25, OFF Otherwise.

 To start the Simulink model we have to learn what are the components we need to create Simulink models for this task/ challenge.

• signal builder: It is used to create the various temperatures values.
• Simulink -PS Converter: It is used to convert the Simulink Signal to a Physical signal and it is connected in between the signal builder and controlled temperatures sensor.
• Controlled Temperatures Sensor: It is used to give the controlled temperature signals to a thermistor.
• Thermister:  Thermistor is act as a sensor
• solver configuration: it is a type of block that acts as a complete equation for where f(x)=0, where we find the value of x and generated output which represents the block diagram as an equation.
• electrical reference: it looks like a ground terminal and it is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

• battery: the battery is used to excited the electromagnetic field in the wounded coil and it is operated with one switch. And the battery contains the negative and positive terminals for the electrical circuit to flow the electrical current.

• Switch: here we use the switch to make or break the circuit to flow the electrical current using the physical signal from the output of the Simulink - PS converter.

• PS-Simulink  Converter: It is used to convert the Physical signal to a Simulink Signal and it is connected in between the voltage sensor and switch.

1. Change the block parameters of the Simulink - PS Converter

2. goto input handling tab -- change the filtering and derivates: filter input, derivatives calculated. -- click ok button.

3. change the resistor value to 100

4. after running for 50 secs we need to provide the display as an input to the switch for ON and OFF conditions.

5. for that, we have to do that goto block parameter of the switch block

6. enter the threshold value and click the ok button.